First, the Imperial: Chalmers Johnson, a former CIA agent, says in his book Nemesis: The Carter administration deliberately provoked the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan … .. 1996, in his memoirs, l former CIA Director Robert Gates acknowledged that the U.S. Secret Service began using the anti-Soviet Mujahedin guerrillas did the invasion of Russia, but six months before President Carter …. aims to provoke an intervention by the Soviet army … … … .. … … to bind. Attaching the USSR. “is an advanced military in Afghanistan, efforts to link the United States as the USSR?

Obama foresees a U.S. military in Afghanistan, efforts at least five years in a country of more than 50% of Iraq to the environment and population. NATO allies are in the chip size and commitment and often their base camp. A serious U.S. military efforts in chains at least 250,000 troops in Afghanistan / Pakistan. If America were not able to meet other challenges, including as a result of its commitment to protect Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Egypt, Israel, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Iraq, Iran , deterrence against use of nuclear weapons program in support of Pakistan to the brink of collapse, etc. ..

The invasion of Iraq can be justified, Imperial reasons, because it is strategically located in the largest concentration of oil in the world. Afghanistan does not have comparable resources, one of the poorest countries, no industry, little agriculture, rugged terrain, the land of bandits and corruption.

The adventure does not come from a non-imperial perspective. Obama said: “The country is still a base for terrorists who want to kill most of our employees, as they may.” None of the 19 people committed to the September 11th tragedy criminal or Afghan Taliban. Fifteen of them were Saudi. There was no Al Qaeda in Afghanistan, more training camps. Osama bin Laden, and what remains of his team is hiding somewhere in the desert of Pakistan. Al Qaeda is scattered and disorganized. Yes, more than 19 clubs to infiltrate the United States and kill Americans, but sending an army in Afghanistan is not to prevent such an offense. Indeed, the war in Afghanistan hyperszenische is rather for us against another September 11th.

Jerome Grossman is a former member of Democratic National Committee, retired chairman of the Massachusetts Envelope Company Chairman Emeritus of the Council for a world, author of Relentless Liberal, one can express his opinion on www.relentlessliberal.com

The politics of Indonesia is part of a sample representative of the Democratic Republic of the president, that the President of Indonesia, is head of state and head of government, and some parts of system. The executive is the government. Legislative power is for the government and the two representative bodies of the parties. The judiciary is independent of the executive and legislative branches. The Constitution in 1945 for a separate executive, legislative and judicial. The government was as “President of parliamentary characteristics.” As a result of the Indonesian revolution in 1998 and the resignation of President Suharto, several political reforms under way.

Elections in Indonesia since 1955. Nationally, Indonesian people elect a head of state – the President – and the legislators. The President is elected for a term of five years, as well as 550 members of People’s Party of the Council of Representatives (Dewan Rakyat Perwakilan, DPR) and the 128 seats in the Regional Council of Representatives (Dewan Perwakilan Daerah).

Reform has already since 1999 and has several important changes. Indeed, this notion of limit of two to five years, the conditions for the President and Vice President, and measures of checks and balances. The largest public institution, the People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR), whose tasks and the choice of President and Vice President (since 2004, the President elected directly by the people), the outlines of the state, and Amendment of the Constitution. The 695 members of MPR includes all 550 members of the Popular Party, the Council of Representatives (DPR) (House of Representatives) and 130 regional representatives of the province of twenty-six sixty-five members of parliament and groups in society.

The DPR, the legislature is the first institution to the original 462 members elected through a mixed proportional / district and thirty-eight system of representation of members of the armed forces (TNI) and police (POLRI) . TNI / POLRI representation in the DPR was arrested before the general elections of 2004 and ends in the MPR in 2009. Group of society in the MPR was in 2004 by another constitutional amendment. Military domination of the regional administration is phasing out with new regulations on the prohibition of political office.
After rubber stamp in the past, the MPR and DPR have won and are increasingly in control of the executive. After changes in the year 2004, the MPR to a bicameral legislative system with the creation of the Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD) in the province is four members, in light of its legislative powers are lower than those of the DPR. Nominated by his office, the President reserves the right of the Authority for the implementation of government management.

Pakistan was a democratic struggle led by the All India Muslim League, in response to anti-Muslim by the Congress in India. Jinnah was a member of Congress at the beginning of his political career, but later left the party and joined the Muslim League. By people in the Muslim League, with a little support from religious leaders or Ulema (Munawar, 1998).

The Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) was the most in the west of Pakistan, his government has done in the other in Pakistan, under the chairmanship of ZABhutto. The central slogan of the PPP was the bread, clothing and housing. After Bhutto was hanged in 1979 as President of the PPP was sent to his daughter Benazir Bhutto, who studied at Oxford and Harvard. PPP is a very strong vote bank and is always at the election (1989 Sahab; Ghani 2002). PPP has a strong base in the province. All efforts have been made to crush PPP during the Zia regime (1977 to 1988). In this way, a nationalist group called Mohajar Quami Movement (MQM) was in the city. It was even worse, particularly in Karachi and Hyderabad. These two cities in a Hot Spot for many years and people had long been a wave of laws (Naqvi 2002).

The Muslim League (ML) was the party, in which Muslims in the subcontinent, the struggle and Pakistan reached. In the struggle for Pakistan, ML, Muslims of the subcontinent, in Congress, Hindus and a minority of nationalist Muslims such as Abu al-Kalam Azad. It was also a major political party with an array of voices. Due to its role in the movement for independence, ML was strongly influenced by the thoughts and ideologies of Jinnah. After independence, ML was a rolling stone. Each officer ML dictator and used for the realization of a personal political agenda. This led to the distribution of the ML into different groups. Last October, five fragments of ML were against the elections under various names such as PML (N), PML (Q), PML (J), PML (Q), PML (Z) (Saeed 2002).

Mitigation of ML has also led to poor performance of democracy. United States, Pakistan, a large number of people from middle class to the ML of Eastern Europe from Pakistan. After the separation of East Pakistan, a number of breaks in democracy, the influence of feudal and location of large industrial enterprises in the ML (Siddiqui 2002a).

With the two main political parties (PPP and PML), the religious political parties are another element of the policy of Pakistan. These parties representing the different religious sects in society
Now, one thing to note, ie, what the people of the nation, and they seek justice in Pakistan::>

The judges who refused to take oath under the PCO can “no more judges” guardian of the law minister Afzal Haider, because they are not yet dismissed had its offices, but many refuse to accept this position. For the first time in the history of Pakistan, the majority of the judges of the Supreme Court and the four provincial High Courts refused to legitimize a PCO. The position of the non-PCO judges “is also never known: it is always for the same judge legitimate.

Many lawyers support this position. The day after the conviction of the law of war, lawyers in Karachi, a sending mobile text messages proclaiming that non-PCO Sabihuddin Ahmed Chief Justice of Sindh High Court is our Chief Justice. All judges to be. We do not recognize (the new Chief Justice sworn to this day). ”

On December 10, International Day of Human Rights – by the lawyers of Pakistan, the civil society organizations and human rights groups of “black day” – arrested Sindh High Court Chief Justice Sabihuddin Ahmed adopted point of view, it could not PCO on the fact that its comments could be misconstrued as a judicial declaration, “because I am still the Chief Justice of the High Court.

“The persistence of the ban on TV anchor, talk-shows and Live Call-in TV reports is limited on the free movement of elections,” he said. “It is the violation of citizens the right to speak, as in the Constitution. ”

But more and more of the equation of tooth Musharraf not the military-backed system he represents. How long”to the defense to continue for the show, and financed by Washington for its own short-term interests of the “war against terrorism”, and as long as Pakistani politicians continue to vote with the system, without the real problems of poverty, unemployment and education, Pakistan will stick to a crisis’,”.

Let yourself be blessed by Allah Almighty to us and it makes us all of this terrible situation.Ameeen …!

Given that politics is the definition of false, it is necessary for us to know what is political. So, for good, I note the definition of different views among the famous characters in some countries.

According to Aristotle, one of Western philosophy, the definition of politics is what has the character, quality in society. This definition includes the whole of society, for example, the government, freedom, justice, property, rights, law and the application of a moral code can make to prosperity for all in the society.

If we have an idea of Al-Banna, one of the reformers of the Middle East, he said that the policy, everything is used, the internal and external audit of the case. Internal politics of the government of matter to explain to his duties, the commitment and related rights for surveillance for the government, if the quality should Devote, and the critical failure. While foreign policy is, independence and freedom of the nation, which then transmit it to the objective that the position in the center of other countries, and freedom from oppression and the intervention in other parties, it happens.

Both noted the policy as a means for quality. Is there something wrong with the whole definition? The answer is no. Politics is like a knife, you can use it for quality or bad, it depends heavily on Executor’s hands, but basically the policy is an environment for quality.

The choice, as the biggest event on each country there should be a good political understanding of all men. United States is an example of a country which is the largest number of citizens to the election. Another example is Palestine. There are many people who are heads of the nation. Both the United States and Palestine have funds, which for reasons of citizens are responsible for the selection. United States, with a large number of well-trained and Palestine on condition that the country next to good training. But there are more countries that are still not for the political education for citizens and are apathetic. Some choose abstention while others are worst case.
This is a good time for us to learn more about politics, so that we can do more, the quality of our company in the nation. Although there are other opinions on the definition of different policies, but we can only two ideas, because most definitions of a policy for the quality of declaration of the end. Understanding of politics and you’ll have a better understanding.

In democracies, political campaigns often on the campaign that elected representatives or referendums decided. Political campaigns also organized efforts to change policies in an agency or organization.
The campaign message is that the ideas that the candidate is in collaboration with the voters. The message consists of several elements often talk about political issues. Points, a summary of the main ideas of the campaign and are often times an impression on voters. In many elections, opposition candidates trying to “off message”, in politics or personal issues that are not related to the talking points. Most campaigns, so that the broad message to potential voters. A message that is too strict, can not alienate voters or slowly, the candidate to explain the details.

Modern political campaigns have new standards, as the success of campaigns by the day. The campaign is in what would be for the public, as pseudo-military style, with a strict chain of command, zero tolerance for certain actions prohibited, and a breakthrough day starts early and ends later than most “days of work.

An information campaign is also raising public awareness and support for the positions of candidates (or his party). It is much more intense as a campaign document, which a little more than the presentation of necessary documents for the ballot, but less intense than competitive campaign, whose goal is actually to gain selection to the Office . An information campaign, the rule focuses on Low-Cost-scope, such as press releases, interviews with more and more in the paper, a brochure to distribute door to door to organize workers survey , etc.

Political campaign for the way people speak of vision and program for the selection of participants was an idealist. For example, in Indonesia, the election of 2009, since then, a campaign issue, most candidates talk about the party after the peace. This is the idealist. Indeed, most of the fans or to ignore the voters of this page, it said. They bring crime and disorder.

Political campaigns, there is, as it was on the campaign to the citizens. Often mass campaigns, for the less privileged or anti-establishment. Not all democratic elections in the political campaign. Indeed, some democratic elections specifically excluded, with the motivation that campaigns can be as democratic elections, perhaps because campaigns sensitivity to the influence of money, or influence groups interest. Maybe this time is hard work for the best political campaign concept.

For more information on the political campaign for peace in Indonesia, please visit the kampanye Pemilu Damai Indonesia in 2009 and peduli network Mahasiswa Pemilu also Damai Pemilu Forum 2009